Data Hk – Personal Data Protection in Hong Kong and Mainland China

Data hk merupakan salah satu tabel yang paling dimainkan oleh para togelmania. Dengan menggunakan hasil keluar hk hari ini bettor bisa segera menemukan kemenangan taruhan togel hongkong setiap tahun. Hasil keluar hk tersebut dihasilkan oleh agen terpercaya togel hongkong yang memiliki tuan rumah dan satu lapangan bahagia.

Unlike other jurisdictions, Hong Kong has no statutory restriction on cross-border transfers of personal data. The reason for this is that it is deemed unnecessary given the close and deep business links between Hong Kong and mainland China, as well as other common laws of the land.

The PDPO defines personal information as any information that relates to a living individual from which it is practicable to identify such an individual, whether the information is recorded in a form or otherwise. It is a very broad definition, and it covers a wide range of information that might be collected by data users, even when it has not been collected in Hong Kong.

It is a well-known fact that the PCPD has issued a number of sets of recommended model contractual clauses that are designed to address these concerns in a way that is consistent with the spirit and intent of the PDPO. The recommendations cover two scenarios: a transfer of personal data between entities that are both located outside Hong Kong and the transfer of personal data between an entity that is located in Hong Kong and its data processor.

In both cases, the recommended model clauses require that the data be subject to an adequate level of protection, which is essentially equivalent to that required under the PDPO. This is a crucial component of the PCPD’s approach to the issue of cross-border data transfers.

A key consideration is that a data user must be responsible and liable for the acts of its agents, including its data processors. This is an important principle that reflects the principle of “one country, two systems” and the reality that Mainland China will be a separate legal entity from Hong Kong for the foreseeable future.

Moreover, the PCPD’s view is that data users have significant and onerous obligations under the PDPO that are not disaffected by cross-border transfers of personal data. The risk of a loss of confidence in the handling of personal data and reputational damage that might result from a breach of these obligations is not insignificant. These risks will not disappear. Rather, it is likely that the volume of cross-border data transfers will increase as mainland China becomes increasingly integrated into Hong Kong’s business and social life. This will increase the importance of a robust legal regime to regulate data transfers between the two jurisdictions. The current lack of a statutory restriction on transfers is not an appropriate response to this development. This is why the PCPD has recommended the use of contracts to protect personal data in transfers between Hong Kong and mainland China.